Linux ip command

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Linux ip command is similar to ifconfig Commands are similar, but more powerful than the ifconfig command, mainly used to display or set network devices.

The ip command is a Linux enhanced version of the network configuration tool, used to replace the ifconfig command.

Syntax

ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }

OBJECT are commonly used objects, and the value can be one of the following:

 
OBJECT={ link | addr | addrlabel | route | rule | neigh | ntable | tunnel | maddr | mroute | mrule | monitor | xfrm | token }

The meanings of the values of commonly used objects are as follows:

• link: Network device
• address: Protocol (IP or IPv6）Address
• addrlabel: Protocol address selection label configuration
• route: Routing table entries
• rule: Rules in the routing policy database

OPTIONS are commonly used options, and the value can be one of the following:

OPTIONS={ -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -d[etails] | -r[esolve] | -h[uman-readable] | -iec | -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | link } | -o[neline] | -t[imestamp] | -b[atch] [filename] | -rc[vbuf] [size] }

The meanings of the values of the commonly used options are as follows:

• -V: Display the version information of the command;
• -s: Output more detailed information;
• -f: Force the use of the specified protocol family;
• -4: Specify the network layer protocol used as IPv4Protocol;
• -6: Specify the network layer protocol used as IPv6Protocol;
• -0: Output information one line per record, do not wrap lines even if the content is long;
• -r: When displaying the host, do not use the IP address, but use the host's domain name.

• help Provides help information for the command.

  Online Examples

  ip link show                     # Display network interface information
  ip link set eth0 up             # Enable the network card
  ip link set eth0 down            # Disable the network card
  ip link set eth0 promisc on      # Enable the network card's promiscuous mode
  ip link set eth0 promisc offi    # Disable the network card's promiscuous mode
  ip link set eth0 txqueuelen 1200 # Set the queue length of the network card
  ip link set eth0 mtu 1400        # Set the maximum transmission unit of the network card
  ip addr show     # Display network card IP information
  ip addr add 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 # Set eth0 network card IP address192.168.0.1
  ip addr del 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 # Delete eth0 network card IP address
  ip route show # Display system routing
  ip route add default via 192.168.1.254   # Set the system default route
  ip route list                 # View routing information
  ip route add 192.168.4.0/24  via  192.168.0.254 dev eth0 # Set192.168.4.0 network segment's gateway is192.168.0.254, data goes through eth0 interface
  ip route add default via  192.168.0.254  dev eth0        # Set the default gateway to192.168.0.254
  ip route del 192.168.4.0/24   # Delete192.168.4.0 network segment's gateway
  ip route del default          # Delete the default route
  ip route delete 192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 # Delete route

  Use the ip command to display the running status of network devices:

  [root@localhost ~]# ip link list
  1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
      link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
  2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
      link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:51 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
  3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
      link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

  Display more detailed device information:

  [root@localhost ~]# ip -s link list
  1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
      link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
      RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast   
      5082831    56145    0       0       0       0      
      TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns
      5082831    56145    0       0       0       0      
  2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
      link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:51 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
      RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast   
      3641655380 62027099 0       0       0       0      
      TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns
      6155236    89160    0       0       0       0      
  3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
      link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
      RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast   
      2562136822 488237847 0       0       0       0      
      TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns
      3486617396 9691081  0       0       0       0    
  

  Display core routing table：

  [root@localhost ~]# ip route list 
  112.124.12.0/22 dev eth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 112.124.15.130
  10.160.0.0/20 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 10.160.7.81
  192.168.0.0/16 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0
  172.16.0.0/12 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0
  10.0.0.0/8 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0
  default via 112.124.15.247 dev eth1

  Display neighbor table：

  [root@localhost ~]# ip neigh list
  112.124.15.247 dev eth1 lladdr 00:00:0c:9f:f3:88 REACHABLE
  10.160.15.247 dev eth0 lladdr 00:00:0c:9f:f2:c0 STALE

  Get all network interfaces of the host：

  ip link | grep -E '^[0-9]' | awk -F: '{print $2

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