Linux Tutorial

Linux, full name GNU/Linux, a free and open-source Unix-like operating system, whose kernel was created by Linus Benedict Torvalds in1991year10month5On the first day of the month, it was mainly inspired by the ideas of Minix and Unix, and is a multi-user, multi-tasking, multi-threaded, and multi-CPU operating system based on POSIX. It can run most Unix tools, applications, and network protocols. It supports32and64hardware. Linux inherits the design philosophy of Unix with a focus on networking and is a stable multi-user network operating system. Linux has hundreds of different distributions, such as Debian and archlinux based on community development, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux, SUSE, Oracle Linux based on commercial development, etc.

Linux is a free and open-source Unix-like operating system.

The English explanation of Linux is Linux is not Unix.

Linux is in 1991 Founded by Linus Torvalds while studying at the University of Helsinki, it was mainly inspired by the ideas of Minix and Unix.

In this tutorial, we will introduce how to use Linux.

Linux is actually easy to learn, and I believe you can learn it quickly.

Now let's start learning Linux!

Who is suitable for reading?

This tutorial is aimed at knowledge of Linux servers and is suitable for people engaged in operations and backend development to read.

What knowledge is needed?

If you are familiar with knowledge of operating systems, you will learn Linux quickly.

This tutorial will introduce the application of Linux system using Linux distribution CentOS as an example.

Common commands and skills

• 1date: print or set the system date and time

• 2stty-a: can view or print control characters (Ctrl-C, Ctrl-D, Ctrl-Z and others)

• 3passwd: using passwd-h view

• 4logout, login: commands for logging in and logging out of the shell

• 5more, less, head tail: display or partially display file content

• 6lp/lpstat/cancel, lpr/lpq/lprm: print file

• 7chmod u+x: change file permissions

• 8rm -fr dir: delete non-empty directory

• 9cp -R dir: copy directory

• 10fg jobid: can bring a background process to the foreground

• 11The function of kill: send a signal to a process, eg: kill-9Sends the SIG_KILL signal, the specific signal sent can be viewed by man kill

• 12Usage of ps, ps-e or ps-o pid, ppid, session, tpgid, comm (where session displays the sessionid, tpgid displays the id of the foreground process group, and comm displays the command name)

Linux is open source

Linux follows the GNU General Public License (GPL), anyone and any organization can freely use all the underlying source code of Linux, and can also freely modify and redistribute it.

Since Linux is free software, anyone can create a Linux distribution that meets their own needs.

The mainstream Linux versions currently are:

• Debian (and its derived versions Ubuntu, Linux Mint)

• Fedora (and its related versions Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS)

• openSUSE

• ...