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C Language Reference Manual
In this tutorial, you will learn to use multidimensional arrays (two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrays) with examples.
In C programming, you can create an array of arrays. These arrays are called multidimensional arrays. For example,3][4]);
float x[2where x is a two-dimensional (12d) array. This array can hold3elements. You can view the array as having4columns. Each row has
Similarly, you can declare a three-dimensional (3d) array. For example,
float y[2][4][3]);
In this case, the array y can hold24elements.
Below are the methods of initializing two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrays:
//Different methods of initializing a two-dimensional array int c[2][3] = {{1, 3, 0}, {-1, 5, 9}}; int c[][3] = {{1, 3, 0}, {-1, 5, 9}}; int c[2][3] = {1, 3, 0, -1, 5, 9};
You can initialize a three-dimensional array in a similar way to a two-dimensional array. Here is an example
int test[2][3][4] = { {{3, 4, 2, 3}, {0, -3, 9, 11}, {23, 12, 23, 2}}, {{13, 4, 56, 3}, {5, 9, 3, 5}, {3, 1, 4, 9}}};
//C program stores and displays the temperature of two cities within a week. #include <stdio.h> const int CITY = 2; const int WEEK = 7; int main() { int temperature[CITY][WEEK]; //Use nested loops to store values in a two-dimensional array for (int i = 0; ++i) { for (int j = 0; ++j) { printf("City %d, Day %d: ", i + 1, j + 1); scanf("%d", &temperature[i][j]); } } printf("\nDisplay values: \n\n"); //Use nested loops to display the values of a two-dimensional array for (int i = 0; ++i) { for (int j = 0; ++j) { printf("City %d, Day %d = %d\n", i + 1, j + 1, temperature[i][j]); } } return 0; }
Output Result
City 1, Day 1: 33 City 1, Day 2: 34 City 1, Day 3: 35 City 1, Day 4: 33 City 1, Day 5: 32 City 1, Day 6: 31 City 1, Day 7: 30 City 2, Day 1: 23 City 2, Day 2: 22 City 2, Day 3: 21 City 2, Day 4: 24 City 2, Day 5: 22 City 2, Day 6: 25 City 2, Day 7: 26 Display Value: City 1, Day 1 = 33 City 1, Day 2 = 34 City 1, Day 3 = 35 City 1, Day 4 = 33 City 1, Day 5 = 32 City 1, Day 6 = 31 City 1, Day 7 = 30 City 2, Day 1 = 23 City 2, Day 2 = 22 City 2, Day 3 = 21 City 2, Day 4 = 24 City 2, Day 5 = 22 City 2, Day 6 = 25 City 2, Day 7 = 26
//C program to find2*2Order matrix sum #include <stdio.h> int main() { float a[2][2], b[2][2], result[2][2]); //Use nested for loops to get input printf("Input elements of the first matrix\n"); for (int i = 0; 2; ++i) for (int j = 0; 2; ++j) { printf("Input a%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1); scanf("%f", &a[i][j]); } // Use nested for loops to get input printf("Input elements of the second matrix\n"); for (int i = 0; 2; ++i) for (int j = 0; 2; ++j) { printf("Input b%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1); scanf("%f", &b[i][j]); } // Add corresponding elements of two arrays for (int i = 0; 2; ++i) for (int j = 0; 2; ++j) { result[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j]; } //Display sum printf("\nSum of matrix:\n"); for (int i = 0; 2; ++i) for (int j = 0; 2; ++j) { printf("%.1f\t", result[i][j]); if (j == 1) printf("\n"); } return 0; }
Output Result
Input elements of the first matrix Input a11: 2; Input a12: 0.5; Input a21: -1.1; Input a22: 2; Input elements of the second matrix Input b11: 0.2; Input b12: 0; Input b21: 0.23; Input b22: 23; Sum of matrix: 2.2 0.5 -0.9 25.0
//C program to store and print user input of12values #include <stdio.h> int main() { int test[2][3][2]); printf("Input ",12values: \n"); for (int i = 0; 2; ++i) { for (int j = 0; 3; ++j) { for (int k = 0; 2; ++k) { scanf("%d", &test[i][j][k]); } } } //Print values using appropriate indices. printf("\nDisplay values:\n"); for (int i = 0; 2; ++i) { for (int j = 0; 3; ++j) { for (int k = 0; 2; ++k) { printf("test[%d][%d][%d] = %d\n", i, j, k, test[i][j][k]); } } } return 0; }
Output Result
Input12Values: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Display Value: test[0][0][0] = 1 test[0][0][1] = 2 test[0][1][0] = 3 test[0][1][1] = 4 test[0][2][0] = 5 test[0][2][1] = 6 test[1][0][0] = 7 test[1][0][1] = 8 test[1][1][0] = 9 test[1][1][1] = 10 test[1][2][0] = 11 test[1][2][1] = 12