C++ <cmath>

data types ++In this tutorial, we will learn C

in C ++In programming, basic data types such as int, float, char, etc. are used.

int age =　13;

Here, age is a variable of type int. This means that the variable can only store2or4an integer of bytes.

C ++Basic data types

The following table shows the basic data types, their meanings and sizes (in bytes):

Now, let's discuss these basic data types in more detail.

1. C ++ int (integer type)

• The int keyword is used to represent integers.

• It is usually the size of4bytes. This means it can store from-2147483648 to 214748647ofvalue.

• For example,

int salary =　85000;

2. C ++float and double (floating point and double floating point type)

• float and double are used to store floating-point numbers (decimals and exponents).

• the size of float is4bytes, the size of double is8bytes. Therefore, the precision of double is twice that of float. For more information, please refer to c++ float and double.

• For example,

float area =　64.74;
double volume =　134.64534;

As mentioned above, these two data types are also used for exponentiation. For example,

double distance =　45E12　　　　//　45E12　equals　45*10^12

3. C ++ char (character type)

• The keyword char is used for characters.

• Its size is1bytes.

• C ++The characters in the string are enclosed in single quotes ' '.

• For example,

char test = 'h';

Note:in C ++in which, integer values are stored in char variables, not the characters themselves.

4. C ++ wchar_t (wide character type)

• wchar_t is similar to the char data type, the difference being that it is2bytes instead of1bytes.

• It is used to represent characters that require more memory than a single char to represent them.

• For example,

wchar_t test = L'ם'　　//　to store Hebrew characters

Note the letter L before the quotation marks.

Note:in C ++ 11also introduced two additional fixed-size character types char16_t and char32_t.

5. C ++ bool (boolean type)

• bool data type has two possible values: true or false.

• bool is used for conditional statements and loops (we will learn about them in later chapters).

• For example,

bool cond = false;

6. C ++ void (no type)

• The void keyword indicates the absence of data. This means 'no' or 'no value'.

• When we study functions and pointers, we will use void.

Note:We cannot declare variables of void type.

C ++type modifiers

We can use type modifiers to further modify some basic data types. C ++there are4type modifiers. They are:

1. signed

2. unsigned

3. short

4. long

We can use the above modifiers to modify the following data types:

• int

• double

• char

C ++List of data types that can be modified

Let's look at some examples.

long b =　4523232;
long int c =　2345342;
long double d =　233434.56343;
short d =　3434233;　//　Error! Out of range
unsigned int a =　-5;　　　　//Error! Only positive numbers or 0 can be stored

Derived Data Types

Derived data types are derived from basic data types. For example: arrays, pointers, function types, structures, etc.

We will learn these derived data types in later tutorials.