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C++ Function call operator overloading

C++ Operator Overloading and Overloaded Functions

The function call operator () can be overloaded for an object of the class. When overloading (), you are not creating a new way to call a function, instead, this is creating an operator function that can pass an arbitrary number of arguments.

The following example demonstrates how to overload the function call operator ().

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
class Distance
{
   private:
      int feet;             // 0 to infinity
      int inches;           // 0 to 12
   public:
      // Required constructor
      Distance(){
         feet = 0;
         inches = 0;
      }
      Distance(int f, int i){
         feet = f;
         inches = i;
      }
      // Overload function call operator
      Distance operator()(int a, int b, int c)
      {
         Distance D;
         // Perform random calculation
         D.feet = a + c + 10;
         D.inches = b + c + 100 ;
         return D;
      }
      // Method to display distance
      void displayDistance()
      {
         cout << "F: " << feet << " I:" << inches << endl;
      }
      
};
int main()
{
   Distance D1(11, 10), D2;
   cout << "First Distance :"; 
   D1.displayDistance();
   D2 = D1(10, 10, 10); // invoke operator()
   cout << "Second Distance :"; 
   D2.displayDistance();
   return 0;
}

When the above code is compiled and executed, it will produce the following results:

First Distance : 11 I:10
Second Distance : F: 30 I:120

C++ Operator Overloading and Overloaded Functions