Detailed introduction of commands for hibernation, suspension, standby, and shutdown of Linux (Ubuntu)

Here is a summary of some Linux commands, including: the difference between hibernate, suspend, standby, and shutdown, and how to implement them.

Hibernate is a more power-saving modeIt saves the data in memory to the hard disk, and all devices stop working. When used again, you need to press the power button, and the machine will restore to the state when you execute the sleep, without having to perform the complex process of booting the operating system again.

Standby (Suspend) saves the current running data in memoryThe machine only powers the memory, while the hard disk, screen, CPU and other components stop powering. Since the data is stored in fast memory, the speed of entering the waiting state and waking up is relatively fast. However, these data are stored in memory, and power failure will cause data loss.

Immediate shutdown:

sudo halt
sudo init 0
sudo shutdown -h now
sudo shutdown -h 0

Scheduling/Deferred shutdown:

sudo shutdown -h 19:30
sudo shutdown -h +30   ##Unit is minute

Reboot:

sudo reboot
sudo init 6
sudo shutdown -r now

Hibernate:

sudo pm-hibernate
echo "disk" > /sys/power/state
sudo hibernate-disk

Standby (Suspend):

sudo pm-suspend
sudo pm-suspend-hybrid
echo "mem" > /sys/power/state
sudo hibernate-ram

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