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Servlet Database Access

This tutorial assumes that you are already familiar with the way JDBC applications work.

Note:

Download addresses for various versions of mysql jar packages:https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/c-j/

In the java project, you only need to add mysql-connector-java-5.1.39-bin.jar to run java projects.

But in the Eclipse web project, when executing Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");, it will not search for the driver. Therefore, in this example, we need to include mysql-connector-java-5.1.39-Copy bin.jar to the lib directory under tomcat

Starting from the basic concepts, let's create a simple table and create several records in the table.

Create test data

Next, we create w in MySQL3The codebox database, and create the websites data table, the table structure is as follows:

CREATE TABLE `websites` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` char(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Site Name',
  `url` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `alexa` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'Alexa Ranking',
  `country` char(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Country',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

Insert some data:

INSERT INTO `websites` VALUES ('1', 'Google', 'https://www.google.cm/', ''1', 'USA'2', 'Taobao', 'https://www.taobao.com/', ''13', 'CN'3', 'Basic Tutorial Website', 'http://www.oldtoolbag.com5892', ''4', 'Weibo', 'http://weibo.com/', ''20', 'CN'), ('5', 'Facebook', 'https://www.facebook.com/', ''3', 'USA');

The data table is displayed as follows:


Access database

The following example demonstrates how to use Servlet to access w3codebox database.

package com.w;3codebox.test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.sql.*;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
 * Servlet implementation class DatabaseAccess
 */
@WebServlet("/DatabaseAccess"
public class DatabaseAccess extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    // JDBC driver name and database URL
    static final String JDBC_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";  
    static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/w3codebox";
    
    // The username and password of the database need to be set according to your own settings
    static final String USER = "root";
    static final String PASS = "123456"; 
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public DatabaseAccess() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        // Set the response content type
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        String title = "Servlet Database Example - Basic Tutorial(oldtoolbag.com)";
        String docType = "<!DOCTYPE html>\n";
        out.println(docType) +
        "<html>\n" +
        "<head><title>" + title + "</title></head>\n" +
        "<body bgcolor="#f0f0f0">\n" +
        "<h1 align="center">" + title + "</h1>\n");
        try{
            // 注册 JDBC 驱动器
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            
            // 打开一个连接
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL,USER,PASS);
            // 执行 SQL 查询
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
            String sql;
            sql = "SELECT id, name, url FROM websites";
            ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
            // 展开结果集数据库
            while(rs.next()){
                // 通过字段检索
                int id = rs.getInt("id");
                String name = rs.getString("name");
                String url = rs.getString("url");
    
                // 输出数据
                out.println("ID: " + id);
                out.println(", 站点名称: " + name);
                out.println(", 站点 URL: " + url);
                out.println("<br />);
            }
            out.println("</body></html>");
            // 完成后关闭
            rs.close();
            catch(SQLException se
            conn.close();
        }
            // 处理 JDBC 错误
            se.printStackTrace();
        处理 Class.forName 错误
            // e.printStackTrace();
            }finally{
        最后是用于关闭资源的块
            // if(stmt!=null)
            try{
                stmt.close();
                catch(SQLException se
            }2{
            }
            try{
                if(conn!=null)
                conn.close();
            catch(SQLException se){
                se.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
       
    }
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

Now let's compile the above Servlet and create the following entry in the web.xml file:

....
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DatabaseAccess</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.w3codebox.test.DatabaseAccess</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DatabaseAccess</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/TomcatTest/DatabaseAccess</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
....

Now call this Servlet, enter the link: http://localhost:8080/TomcatTest/DatabaseAccess, the following response will be displayed: