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This tutorial assumes that you are already familiar with the way JDBC applications work.
Note:
Download addresses for various versions of mysql jar packages:https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/c-j/
In the java project, you only need to add mysql-connector-java-5.1.39-bin.jar to run java projects.
But in the Eclipse web project, when executing Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");, it will not search for the driver. Therefore, in this example, we need to include mysql-connector-java-5.1.39-Copy bin.jar to the lib directory under tomcat
Starting from the basic concepts, let's create a simple table and create several records in the table.
Next, we create w in MySQL3The codebox database, and create the websites data table, the table structure is as follows:
CREATE TABLE `websites` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` char(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Site Name', `url` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `alexa` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'Alexa Ranking', `country` char(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT 'Country', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
Insert some data:
INSERT INTO `websites` VALUES ('1', 'Google', 'https://www.google.cm/', ''1', 'USA'2', 'Taobao', 'https://www.taobao.com/', ''13', 'CN'3', 'Basic Tutorial Website', 'http://www.oldtoolbag.com5892', ''4', 'Weibo', 'http://weibo.com/', ''20', 'CN'), ('5', 'Facebook', 'https://www.facebook.com/', ''3', 'USA');
The data table is displayed as follows:
The following example demonstrates how to use Servlet to access w3codebox database.
package com.w;3codebox.test; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import java.sql.*; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * Servlet implementation class DatabaseAccess */ @WebServlet("/DatabaseAccess" public class DatabaseAccess extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; // JDBC driver name and database URL static final String JDBC_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"; static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/w3codebox"; // The username and password of the database need to be set according to your own settings static final String USER = "root"; static final String PASS = "123456"; /** * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet() */ public DatabaseAccess() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } /** * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */ protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { Connection conn = null; Statement stmt = null; // Set the response content type response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String title = "Servlet Database Example - Basic Tutorial(oldtoolbag.com)"; String docType = "<!DOCTYPE html>\n"; out.println(docType) + "<html>\n" + "<head><title>" + title + "</title></head>\n" + "<body bgcolor="#f0f0f0">\n" + "<h1 align="center">" + title + "</h1>\n"); try{ // 注册 JDBC 驱动器 Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); // 打开一个连接 conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL,USER,PASS); // 执行 SQL 查询 stmt = conn.createStatement(); String sql; sql = "SELECT id, name, url FROM websites"; ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql); // 展开结果集数据库 while(rs.next()){ // 通过字段检索 int id = rs.getInt("id"); String name = rs.getString("name"); String url = rs.getString("url"); // 输出数据 out.println("ID: " + id); out.println(", 站点名称: " + name); out.println(", 站点 URL: " + url); out.println("<br />); } out.println("</body></html>"); // 完成后关闭 rs.close(); catch(SQLException se conn.close(); } // 处理 JDBC 错误 se.printStackTrace(); 处理 Class.forName 错误 // e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ 最后是用于关闭资源的块 // if(stmt!=null) try{ stmt.close(); catch(SQLException se }2{ } try{ if(conn!=null) conn.close(); catch(SQLException se){ se.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */ protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub doGet(request, response); } }
Now let's compile the above Servlet and create the following entry in the web.xml file:
.... <servlet> <servlet-name>DatabaseAccess</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.w3codebox.test.DatabaseAccess</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>DatabaseAccess</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/TomcatTest/DatabaseAccess</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> ....
Now call this Servlet, enter the link: http://localhost:8080/TomcatTest/DatabaseAccess, the following response will be displayed: