Type conversion in Python

Using Python, we can easily convert data into different types. Type conversion has different functions. We can convert string objects to numbers, perform conversions between different container types, and so on.

In this section, we will see how to perform conversions using Python.

Convert strings to numeric types

To convert a String object to a Numeric object, you can useint()，float()and other different methods. Using theint()The method, we can convert any number to a string (in10as the base). It uses a string type parameter, with the default base as10, we can also specify the base to convert from a string of that base to a decimal number.

Similarly, using thefloat()The method can convert a string containing a value in decimal form to float.

Example code

str_number = '56'
print(int(str_number))  # default base is　10
print(int(str_number,　16))  # From Hexadecimal
print(int(str_number,　12))  # From a number where base is　12
str_number = '25.897'
print(float(str_number))  # convert string to floating point value

Output result

56
86
66
25.897

string to character conversion and base conversion

As is well known, a string is a collection of characters. But in Python, we cannot directly obtain the ASCII value of a character. We need to use theord()The method converts a character to its ASCII value.

There are also other methods, such ashex()，ord()，bin()Convert decimal numbers to hexadecimal, octal, and binary respectively numbered.

Example code

print('ASCII value of "G" is: ')　+　str(ord('G')))
print('Hexadecimal value of　254　is:　'　+　str(hex(254))
print('Octal value of　62　is:　'　+　str(oct(62))
print('Binary value of')　56　is:　'　+　str(bin(56))

Output result

ASCII value of "G" is:　71
Hexadecimal value of　254　is:　0xfe
Octal value of　62　is:　0o76
Binary value of　56　is:　0b111000

Container Conversion

In Python, there are different container type objects like lists, tuples, and sets. We can change one type of container to another by changing the container type.list()，tuple()，set()etc.

Example code

my_list　=　[10,　20,　30,　40,　50]
my_set　=　{10,　10,　20,　30,　20,　50,　20}
print('From list to tuple:　'　+　str(tuple(my_list)))
print('From list to set:　'　+　str(set(my_list)))
print('From set to list:　'　+　str(list(my_set)))

Output result

From list to tuple:　(10,　20,　30,　40,　50)
From list to set:　{40,　10,　50,　20,　30}
From set to list:　[10,　20,　50,　30]

Complex number

In Python, there is a complex class. Therefore, using this method, we can convert two integers (real part and imaginary part) to a complex number.

Example code

my_complex　=　complex(10,　5)　#convert　to　complex　number
print(my_complex)

Output result

(10+5j)

Tuple to Dictionary

Tuples are one of the most important container types in Python. Using tuples, we can store some ordered data. In Python, we can convert a Tuple type object with two values to a dictionary object. Thedict()The method can be used for conversion.

Example code

my_tuples　=　(('Tiger',　4),　('Cat',　6),　('Dog',　8),　('Elephant',　10))
my_dict　=　dict(my_tuples)
print(my_dict)

Output result

{'Tiger':　4,　'Elephant':　10,　'Dog':　8,　'Cat':　6{}