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MATLAB Matrices

A matrix is a two-dimensional array of numbers.

In MATLAB, you can create a matrix by entering elements separated by commas or spaces in each row and using a semicolon to mark the end of each row.

For example, let us create a4×5matrixone-

a = [ 1 2 3 4 5; 2 3 4 5 6; 3 4 5 6 7; 4 5 6 7 8]

MATLAB will execute the above statements and return the following results-

a =
      1     2     3     4     5
      2     3     4     5     6
      3     4     5     6     7
      4     5     6     7     8

To refer to the elements of a matrix

To refer to a matrixmxthem rowtheWe write the element in the n columns of-

mx(m, n);

For example, refers to the component2inthe secondrow and5tocolumn, theoneAs created in the previous section, we input-

a = [ 1 2 3 4 5; 2 3 4 5 6; 3 4 5 6 7; 4 5 6 7 8]);
a(2,5)

MATLAB will execute the above statements and return the following results-

ans =  6

To refer to all elements at mtocolumn, we have type A (:, meter).

Let us create a column vector v, from4elementstorows of matrix A-

a = [ 1 2 3 4 5; 2 3 4 5 6; 3 4 5 6 7; 4 5 6 7 8]);
v = a(:,4)

MATLAB will execute the above statements and return the following results-

v =
      4
      5
      6
      7

You can also choose the m-th elementtimestimestocolumns, for this we write-

a(:,m:n)

Let's create a smaller matrix to absorb the elements from the second and third columns-

a = [ 1 2 3 4 5; 2 3 4 5 6; 3 4 5 6 7; 4 5 6 7 8]);
a(:, 2:3)

MATLAB will execute the above statements and return the following results-

ans =
      2     3
      3     4
      4     5
      5     6

In the same way, you can create a submatrix that takes a subpart of the matrix.

a = [ 1 2 3 4 5; 2 3 4 5 6; 3 4 5 6 7; 4 5 6 7 8]);
a(:, 2:3)

MATLAB will execute the above statements and return the following results-

ans =
      2     3
      3     4
      4     5
      5     6

In the same way, you can create a submatrix that takes a subpart of the matrix.

For example, let's create a submatrixsa, which contains-the internal subpart.

3     4     5     
4     5     6

To do this, please write-

a = [ 1 2 3 4 5; 2 3 4 5 6; 3 4 5 6 7; 4 5 6 7 8]);
sa = a(2:3,2:4)

MATLAB will execute the above statements and return the following results-

sa =
      3     4     5
      4     5     6

Delete Rows or Columns in a Matrix

You can delete an entire row or column of a matrix by assigning an empty array [] to that row or column. Essentially, [] represents an empty array.

For example, let's delete-the fourth row

a = [ 1 2 3 4 5; 2 3 4 5 6; 3 4 5 6 7; 4 5 6 7 8]);
a( 4 , : ) = []

MATLAB will execute the above statements and return the following results-

a =
      1     2     3     4     5
      2     3     4     5     6
      3     4     5     6     7

Next, let's delete-the fifth column

a = [ 1 2 3 4 5; 2 3 4 5 6; 3 4 5 6 7; 4 5 6 7 8]);
a(: , 5)=[]

MATLAB will execute the above statements and return the following results-

a =
      1     2     3     4
      2     3     4     5
      3     4     5     6
      4     5     6     7

instance

In this example, let's create a3×3the matrix m, and then copy the second and third rows twice to create4×3Matrix.

Use the following code to create a script file-

a = [ 1 2 3 ; 4 5 6; 7 8 9]);
new_mat = a([2,3,2,3],:)

When the file is executed, it displays the following result-

new_mat =
      4     5     6
      7     8     9
      4     5     6
      7     8     9

Matrix Operations

In this section, let's discuss the following basic and commonly used matrix operations-