SQLite语法

C

SQLite is followed by a set of unique rules and guidelines known as syntax. This chapter lists all the basic SQLite syntax.

Case-insensitive

It should be noted that SQLite is case-insensitive, that is, the clauses GLOB and glob have the same meaning in SQLite statements.

Comments

SQL comments are additional comments that can be added to SQLite code to improve its readability and can appear anywhere; spaces can appear, including within expressions and between other SQL statements, but cannot be nested.-Character (ASCII 0x2d) Starting and extending to the next newline (ASCII 0x0a) or until input ends, whichever comes first.

You can also use C-style comments, which start with “ / *Starting with “ and extending to the next “ * /Pair of quotes and including the next “ * /Pair of quotes, or until input ends (whichever comes first). C-style comments can span multiple lines.

sqlite> .help　--　This is a single line comment

SQLite statements

All SQLite statements start with keywords such as SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, ALTER, DROP, etc., and all statements end with a semicolon (;).

SQLite ANALYZE statement

ANALYZE;
or
ANALYZE database_name;
or
ANALYZE database_name.table_name;

SQLite AND / OR clause

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION-1　{AND|OR} CONDITION-2;

SQLite ALTER TABLE statement

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMN column_def...;

SQLite ALTER TABLE statement (rename)

ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

SQLite ATTACH DATABASE statement

ATTACH DATABASE 'DatabaseName' As 'Alias-Name';

SQLite BEGIN TRANSACTION statement

BEGIN;
or
BEGIN EXCLUSIVE TRANSACTION;

SQLite BETWEEN clause

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name BETWEEN val-1　AND val-2;

SQLite COMMIT statement

COMMIT;

SQLite CREATE INDEX statement

CREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column_name COLLATE NOCASE );

SQLite CREATE UNIQUE INDEX statement

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);

SQLite CREATE TABLE statement

CREATE TABLE table_name(
　　　column1　datatype,
　　　column2　datatype,
　　　column3　datatype,
　　　.....
　　　columnN datatype,
　　　PRIMARY KEY(one or more columns));

SQLite CREATE TRIGGER statement

CREATE TRIGGER database_name.trigger_name　
BEFORE INSERT ON table_name FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN　
　　　stmt1;　
　　　stmt2;
　　　....
END;

SQLite CREATE VIEW statement

CREATE VIEW database_name.view_name AS
SELECT statement....;

SQLite CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement

CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING weblog(access.log );
or
CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING fts3( );

SQLite COMMIT TRANSACTION statement

COMMIT;

SQLite COUNT clause

SELECT COUNT(column_name) FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION;

SQLite DELETE statement

DELETE FROM table_name
WHERE {CONDITION};

SQLite DETACH DATABASE statement

DETACH DATABASE 'Alias-Name';

SQLite DISTINCT clause

SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name;

SQLite DROP INDEX statement

DROP INDEX database_name.index_name;

SQLite DROP TABLE statement

DROP TABLE database_name.table_name;

SQLite DROP VIEW statement

DROP INDEX database_name.view_name;

SQLite DROP TRIGGER statement

DROP INDEX database_name.trigger_name;

SQLite EXISTS clause

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name EXISTS (SELECT　*　FROM table_name );

SQLite EXPLAIN statement

EXPLAIN INSERT statement...;
or　
EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT statement...;

SQLite GLOB clause

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name GLOB { PATTERN };

SQLite GROUP BY子句

SELECT SUM(column_name) FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name;

SQLite HAVING clause

SELECT SUM(column_name) FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING (arithematic function condition);

SQLite INSERT INTO statement

INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN)
VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);

SQLite IN clause

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite LIKE clause

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE { PATTERN };

SQLite NOT IN clause

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name NOT IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite ORDER BY子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION
ORDER BY column_name {ASC|DESC};

SQLite PRAGMA statement

PRAGMA pragma_name;
For example:
PRAGMA page_size;
PRAGMA cache_size =　1024;
PRAGMA table_info(table_name);

SQLite RELEASE SAVEPOINT statement

RELEASE savepoint_name;

SQLite REINDEX statement

REINDEX collation_name;
REINDEX database_name.index_name;
REINDEX database_name.table_name;

SQLite ROLLBACK statement

ROLLBACK;
or
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SAVEPOINT statement

SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SELECT statement

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name;

SQLite UPDATE语句

UPDATE table_name
SET column1　= value1, column2　= value2....columnN=valueN
[ WHERE CONDITION ];

SQLite VACUUM语句

VACUUM;

SQLite WHERE子句

SELECT column1, column2....columnN
FROM table_name
WHERE CONDITION;